Columbia-Pacific Northwest Region

Phase 2 Implementation Plan: Testing the Feasibility of Reintroduced Salmon in the Upper Columbia River Basin (P2IP)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the P2IP project?

Why is the proposed federal action necessary?

What is the federal action?

How will scoping comments from the public be considered?

What is the P2IP project?

The P2IP is a 20-year plan for testing the feasibility of reintroducing Chinook and sockeye salmon not listed under the Endangered Species Act in the blocked areas upstream of Chief Joseph, Grand Coulee, Little Falls, Long Lake, and Nine Mile dams. These dams were constructed without anadromous fish passage and the eradication of anadromous fish in the blocked areas affected ecosystems and restricted or eliminated Tribal traditional and cultural practices related to salmon. The P2IP was developed by the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (CTCR), Coeur d'Alene Tribe (CDAT), Spokane Tribe of Indians (STOI), and the Upper Columbia United Tribes (UCUT), collectively referred to as the Project Proponents. The Project Proponents’ objectives are to complete juvenile and adult salmon studies, test the feasibility of fish passage options, establish and enhance fish-rearing capabilities, and develop a long-term salmon reintroduction plan to serve the following purposes:

• Return salmon to their historic habitats in the upper Columbia River to increase the abundance and distribution of salmon in the Columbia River Basin.
• Restore access to salmon for Tribal and non-Tribal communities in the blocked areas.
• Restore Tribal traditional and cultural practices related to salmon in the region.

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Why is the proposed federal action necessary?

The co-lead federal agencies (Reclamation, Bonneville, and USACE) need to consider and respond to the Project Proponents’ P2IP proposal in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, and authorities.

In September 2023, the Project Proponents and the federal government reached a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and mediated settlement agreement to pursue a proactive, collaborative, and science-based approach to implementing the P2IP. This agreement outlines funding and implementation commitments through 2043, including:

• Bonneville will provide certain funding for implementation of the P2IP projects for reintroducing specific non-federally protected salmonid stocks above Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee dams in the upper Columbia River Basin consistent with Bonneville’s Administrator’s settlement authority under 16 U.S.C. § 832a(f).
• Consistent with the MOU, Reclamation, USACE, USFWS, and NMFS will work with Project Proponents and Bonneville to identify additional funding needs for implementation of P2IP and seek additional funding as necessary and appropriate to ensure full funding of P2IP activities during the 20-year implementation period.
• Project Proponents may use existing facilities for activities related to P2IP implementation.
• The USFWS will provide surplus fertilized eggs and juvenile salmon of non-listed stock from federal hatchery facilities for research studies.

The co-lead agencies seek to achieve the following purposes:

• Support efforts to study and test the feasibility of reintroducing specific non-federally protected salmonid stocks above Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee dams in the Upper Columbia River Basin consistent with the P2IP agreement.
• Continue to provide an adequate, efficient, economical, and reliable power supply that supports the integrated Federal Columbia River Power System.
• Continue to deliver reliable water supplies, manage flood risk, provide reliable navigation, and recreation opportunities.
• Minimize environmental impacts throughout the project area.

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What is the federal action?

The proposed federal action entails funding and authorizations to support a long-term study to test the feasibility of reintroducing salmon in blocked areas through juvenile and adult salmon research studies, developing and operating fish-rearing facilities, and designing, installing, and operating interim fish passage systems. Federal actions are as follows:

• Federal funding to support P2IP activities throughout the project area.
• Review approval and issuance of permits for actions including but not limited to data collection, installation of equipment, or facility construction on federally managed lands and facilities.
• Providing eggs, juvenile, and adult salmon from existing hatcheries.

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How has will scoping comments from the public be considered?

Scoping plays an important role in identifying interested and affected parties, as well as identifying affected resources, issues with the Proposed Action, and potential alternatives. The scoping process helps the agencies determine the likely significance of the proposed action’s impacts and whether an EA or EIS will be required. Federal agencies evaluate scoping comments to determine if adjustments to the Proposed Action are needed and if issues identified prompt the development of alternatives to the Proposed Action.

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